Clinical Resources

Labs

Overview

The Labs section contains critical diagnostic test results that help clinicians evaluate a patient’s health, monitor ongoing conditions, and guide treatment decisions.

Laboratory data can cover a wide range of tests including blood work, urinalysis, metabolic panels, and other specialized investigations.

Timely and structured access to these results ensures accurate interpretation, enables trend analysis, and supports evidence-based clinical decision-making.

Clinical Data in Source Documents

Laboratory results are typically presented in structured tables or semi-structured text under sections such as Lab Results, Laboratory Findings, or Diagnostic Tests within the source documents (PDFs or C-CDAs).

These tables may include:

• Test Name - The specific laboratory test performed (e.g., WBC, LDL, Glucose, etc).
• Result Value - The numeric or descriptive outcome of the test (e.g., 4.5 for WBC).
• Reference Range - The normal value range for comparison to identify abnormal results.
• Status - Indicates whether the result is Final, Preliminary, or Corrected.
• Collection Date/Time - When the specimen was collected, which is critical for longitudinal tracking and trend analysis.

The unstructured nature of these documents often varies by lab provider, making automated extraction essential for consistent integration into clinical workflows.

JSON Output

The platform extracts laboratory information into a standardized JSON format that provides a clear, machine-readable representation of each test result.

The structured output includes:

• Name: The name of the laboratory test performed (WBC, RBC, Hemoglobin, etc).
• Result: The measured value of the test (e.g., 4.5 , 14.1).
• Reference Range: The normal range for the test to help identify whether the result is low, normal, or high.
• Status: The result status, typically FINAL to confirm completion of analysis.
• Collection Date: Date and time when the specimen was collected for context and record-keeping.

This structured output ensures accuracy and interoperability, allowing downstream systems to ingest the data for analytics, EHR integration, or population health management.

{
  "lab_results": [
    {
      "name": "WBC",
      "result": "6.1",
      "date_performed": "01/15/2022",
      "page_number": 1
    }
  ]
}

FHIR Output

Extracted lab data is mapped to the FHIR Observation resource , the standard for representing laboratory and diagnostic test results.

Key mappings include:

• Test Name → Observation.code – The laboratory test is mapped to the code.text field, optionally linked to standard vocabularies like LOINC when available.
• Result Value → Observation.valueQuantity or Observation.valueString – The measured value is stored as a quantity (with units) or as a string when units are not applicable.
• Reference Range → Observation.referenceRange – Captures the normal lower and upper limits for the specific test to support clinical interpretation.
• Status → Observation.status – Indicates whether the result is final or in-progress, ensuring providers can distinguish between preliminary and confirmed results.
• Category → Observation.category – Set to laboratory to clearly classify the observation as a lab result within the broader clinical record.
• Collection Context → Observation.encounter – Links the lab result to the specific patient encounter during which the test was ordered or collected.

{
  "fullUrl": "urn:uuid:752e69e3-7959-4110-9bcb-7fe33ae1e104",
  "resource": {
    "resourceType": "Observation",
    "status": "final",
    "category": [
      {
        "coding": [
          {
            "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category",
            "code": "laboratory",
            "display": "Laboratory"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "code": {
      "text": "WBC"
    },
    "subject": {
      "reference": "Patient/b17aaab1-311c-4d98-9c93-030277d0aeb0"
    },
    "encounter": {
      "reference": "Encounter/d4ebe08e-6db9-429a-958a-ed5a1de4cffa"
    },
    "valueString": "6.1",
    "performer": [
      {
        "reference": "Practitioner/9a1de72f-33fd-47d9-a0b9-b34d26985db8"
      }
    ],
    "id": "752e69e3-7959-4110-9bcb-7fe33ae1e104"
  }
}